The Giriama Resistance: Revisiting Mekatilili’s Legacy

Mekatilili wa Menza confronting British colonial soldiers in coastal Kenya—digital illustration.
The untold rebellion that sparked a nation’s soul.🌴🔥

By Brian Njenga | 05/11/25

TL;DR
  • Who: Mekatilili wa Menza, a Giriama heroine who led anti-colonial resistance (1913–1914) at the Kenyan Coast.
  • Why: To resist hut taxes, land seizures, forced labor, and the erosion of Giriama sovereignty and culture.
  • How: Oratory, the sacred kifudu dance, public oaths at Kaya Fungo, and bold symbolism (the famed “hen-and-chick” moment).
  • What happened: Arrest, exile (Kisii; later Kismayu), dramatic escapes, and a legendary walk back to the Coast.
  • Legacy: Statues, festivals, school curricula, feminist and anti-colonial memory—now inspiring the author’s debut historical fiction trilogy The Mekatilili wa Menza Series.
  • Read this if you want: A concise, culturally grounded account + why her story still matters for Kenya today.

Long before the Mau Mau etched their mark on Kenya’s colonial struggle, a barefoot grandmother from the Giriama people of coastal Kenya was already blazing the trail of defiance.

Her name?

Mekatilili wa Menza—a name every Kenyan should know by heart.

As a son of the Mijikenda, part Chonyi through my father’s lineage, this isn’t just history for me.

It’s heritage.

It’s marrow.

And as I write this, it’s also the spirit animating the protagonist of my historical fiction trilogy: the Mekatilili Series, whose first installment, Echoes of Valor, is in the final editing stages and set for publication before the close of 2025.

The Colonial Stranglehold: Hut Taxes, Forced Labor & Broken Lands 🏚️🔗

By 1913, the British Empire had begun tightening its grip on the Giriama homeland.

Sacred lands were seized for plantations and colonial development.

A hut tax was imposed on every Giriama household.

Worse still, able-bodied men were being conscripted into forced labor for roads, bridges, and railways.

Resistance was inevitable.

And Mekatilili, though already in her seventies, rose as the unexpected flamebearer.

Who Was Mekatilili wa Menza? Culture, Oratory & the Kifudu 👣🔥

Mekatilili wa Menza leading Giriama dancers in the sacred kifudu funeral dance at Kaya Fungo.
The sacred kifudu dance gave Mekatilili agency to unite the Giriama against British Imperiarism

A widow and mother of one, Mekatilili wasn’t a chief nor a prophetess.

She was simply a woman driven by conviction and courage.

Deeply steeped in Giriama culture and oratory, she found power not in the gun, but in the dance, the word, and the oath.

The Hen, the Chick, and the Slap Heard Across the Coast 🐔🫱🔥

Mekatilili wa Menza slapping colonial administrator Arthur Champion after the hen-and-chick demonstration at Chakama, 1913.
“This is what you will get if you try to take one of our sons.”

On August 13, 1913, Mekatilili dramatically stormed a British meeting at Chakama, carrying along three chicks and a hen.

She then defied Arthur Champion, the British colonial administrator, to dare snatch one of the chicks from the hen, and when he did, Champion was dreadfully pecked.

Mekatilili immediately mocked him plainly:

“This is what you will get if you try to take one of our sons.”

Legend has it that a furious and humiliated Champion then ordered one of his guards to shoot the hen.

Mekatilili slapped him, right across the face.

That slap reverberated across the ridges of the Giriama heartland.

Arrest, Exile, Escape: A 700-Kilometre Return to the Coast 🚶🏿‍♀️🌍

The colonial government ultimately arrested and exiled Mekatilili on the 17th of October, 1913, to Kisii in Western Kenya, thinking distance would douse the fire.

But she escaped.

On foot.

Walking more than 700 kilometers back to the coast.

Undeterred, she resumed her resistance until she was again exiled, this time to Kismayu, Somalia.

And once again, she returned, quietly living out her final years before passing away in 1924 from natural causes, her head held high and legacy cemented.

Monuments, Movements & Mashujaa: Her Legacy Today 👑📚

Statue of Mekatilili wa Menza in Malindi, celebrating her as a Kenyan national heroine.
Mekatilili's legacy lives on today in Kenya

From Malindi’s Mekatilili Festival to her statue at Uhuru Gardens ( rechristened Mekatilili wa Menza Gardens) in Malindi, which was unveiled on Kenya’s inaugural Mashujaa Day in 2012, her name lives on.

And now, her story is being immortalized in fiction.

A Fictional Flame: Echoes of Valor & the Mekatilili Trilogy 🖋️📖🔥

Tentative book cover for Echoes of Valor, a historical fiction novel inspired by Mekatilili wa Menza.
A fictionalized tale of the childhood and young womanhood of Mekatilili wa Menza

As a historical fiction author, I’ve taken up the sacred task of bringing Mekatilili’s early life to vivid, imagined life.

My upcoming novel Echoes of Valor, the first book in a sweeping trilogy, follows a fictionalized account of her youth, her awakening, and the forces that shaped the firebrand she would become.

This isn’t just a passion project.

It’s the culmination of years of ancestral reflection, cultural reclamation, and storytelling craft honed by more than five years of meditation.

The image above is a tentative iteration of the cover photo for Echoes of Valor.

Mekatilili’s rebellion isn’t buried in the past.

It lives in every Kenyan bold enough to speak truth to power, defend the sacred, and dance the kifudu when the land cries.

Final Thoughts: Remember Her Name 🗣️🔥

Stylized tribute to Mekatilili wa Menza standing before a ceremonial fire with Giriama warriors.
A mighty and courageous lady of Valor

Before there was Jomo. Before Dedan Kimathi. Before Mashujaa Day… there was Mekatilili.

And thanks to renewed global interest in indigenous resistance and African feminism, her legacy is finally getting its due.

If there’s one name we must pass on to future generations—especially our daughters—it’s hers.

👉🏾 Echoes of Valor is coming.

And with it, the restoration of a flame that never died.

Stay tuned, and let’s keep the fire burning. 🔥🖤

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FAQs: Mekatilili wa Menza & the Giriama Resistance

(1. Who was Mekatilili wa Menza?
A Giriama woman leader who mobilized her people against British colonial policies at the Coast (1913–1914), using culture, oratory, and oaths rather than arms.
(2. What triggered the Giriama resistance?
Land alienation, hut taxes, forced labor conscription, and the undermining of traditional Giriama governance and sacred sites.
(3. What is the significance of the kifudu dance?
Kifudu is a sacred funeral dance; Mekatilili used it symbolically to dramatize cultural loss and rally unity and spiritual resolve.
(4. Did the “hen-and-chick” incident really happen?
The famed Chakama episode—daring colonial officials to snatch a chick from a hen—survives in oral histories and written accounts as a symbol of her defiance.
(5. Was Mekatilili imprisoned or exiled?
Yes. She was arrested and exiled (Kisii; later Kismayu). Oral tradition recounts her repeated escapes and return to the Coast—on foot over vast distances.
(6. Where can I learn more about Giriama sacred sites like Kaya Fungo?
Start with museum resources, scholarly works on the Mijikenda/Kaya forests, and local cultural organizations. On-site visits should follow community guidance and respect protocols.
(7. How is Mekatilili honored today?
Festivals, statues, school curricula, arts, and national remembrance—her story is central to Kenya’s broader anti-colonial memory.
(8. How does this piece connect to the author’s trilogy?
The article frames the historical backdrop for Echoes of Valor, Book 1 of a trilogy inspired by Mekatilili’s early life and awakening.

📩 Read the prologue + first chapter of "Echoes of Valor" now

Further Reading